A part of EFFACE research was to describe and assess the instruments, actors and institutions involved in the fight against environmental crime. The work produced consisted of a main report and a variety of single studies, focusing on institutions at the national, EU and international level.
The analysis is mainly legal and descriptive in character; however, the various studies also offer some insights on how effectively various institutions and instruments are in combatting envrionmental crime. The individual studies are based on the analysis of legal and policy documents, courts cases and partially interviews. The main report (forthcoming) aggregates the conclusions from the individual studies and draws preliminary conclusions.
Synthesis
General studies
Two reports cover actors and institutions at the EU and international level and their roles in combatting environmental crime more broadly:
- Actors and Institutions Relevant to Fighting Environmental Crime, Shirleen Chin and Wouter Veening (Institute for Environmental Security)
- Networks and NGOs Relevant to Fighting Environmental Crime, Lucy Olivia Smith and Katharina Klaas (Ecologic Institute)
National level: Selected EU Member States
At the national level, reports on the following countries were compiled:
These countries were selected based on their being representatives of the different regions of the EU; they also represent different types of legal system (common and civil law systems).
Actors, institutions and instruments at the international level
For the international level, the following reports were compiled:
- International Environmental Law and Environmental Crime: An Introduction, Teresa Fajardo del Castillo (University of Granada)
- Analysis of International Legal Instruments Relevant to Fighting Environmental Crime, Valsamis Mitsilegas, Malgosia Fitzmaurice and Elena Fasoli (Queen Mary University of London) and Teresa Fajardo del Castillo (University of Granada)
- Organised Crime and Environmental Crime: Analysis of International Legal Instruments, Teresa Fajardo del Castillo (University of Granada)
Actors, institutions and instruments at the EU level
For the EU level, the following reports were compiled:
- The European Court of Human Rights and Environmental Crime, Valeria Scalia (University of Catania)
- EU Environmental Law and Environmental Crime: An Introduction, Teresa Fajardo del Castillo (University of Granada)
- Articles 82-86 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and Environmental Crime, Giovanni Grasso, Rosaria Sicurella and Valeria Scalia (University of Catania)
- Directive 2008/99/EC on Environmental Crime and Directive 2009/123/EC on Ship-source Pollution, Grazia Maria Vagliasindi (University of Catania)
- Directive 2004/35/EC on Environmental Liability, Ugo Salanitro (University of Catania)
- Organised Crime and Environmental Crime: Analysis of EU Legal Instruments, Teresa Fajardo del Castillo (University of Granada)
